Which layers are included in the soil profile?

The correct choice for identifying the layers included in the soil profile is notable because it highlights the critical components that make up soil structure and composition as used in soil science. The soil profile typically includes the A horizon, which is the top layer rich in organic matter and nutrients; the B horizon, which is often referred to as the subsoil that accumulates minerals leached from the upper layers; the C horizon, which consists of weathered rock and material from which the soil is formed; and bedrock, which is the solid rock underlying the soil profile.

This option accurately reflects the classification used by soil scientists to describe the vertical structure of soils, therefore providing insight into the different layers' characteristics and their importance for plant growth and ecosystem functions. Understanding these layers is crucial for ecological studies, agriculture, and environmental management, as each layer serves specific roles in water retention, nutrient availability, and overall soil health.