Cognitive development in early childhood includes which of the following?

Cognitive development in early childhood encompasses a wide range of skills and abilities that are essential for children's growth and learning. The correct response highlights key components of cognitive development: memory, reasoning, decision making, and creative thinking.

Memory is critical as it allows children to retain and recall information, which is foundational for learning. Reasoning skills enable them to solve problems and make sense of the world around them. Decision-making involves the ability to assess options and outcomes, fostering an understanding of consequences, which is crucial for their independent thinking.

Creative thinking plays an equally important role, as it encourages children to explore new ideas, consider different perspectives, and express themselves innovatively. These elements collectively contribute to a well-rounded cognitive development framework in young children, enabling them to navigate their environment effectively.

Other responses are narrow in scope; for instance, focusing solely on memory and reasoning overlooks the significance of decision-making and creative processes. Mentioning only creative thinking or repetitive tasks fails to encompass the full spectrum of cognitive skills that are vital during the early childhood stage. Recognizing that cognitive development includes a variety of interrelated skills is essential for educators and caregivers nurturing young learners.