At which stage do children engage in abstract logic and planning, according to Piaget?

Children engage in abstract logic and planning during the formal operational stage, which is the final stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development that typically begins around age 12 and extends into adulthood. At this stage, individuals are able to think abstractly, reason logically, and consider hypothetical situations. This includes the capability to formulate and consider various possibilities and outcomes, allowing them to solve complex problems and engage in systematic planning.

In contrast, the preoperational stage, which occurs from about ages 2 to 7, is characterized by symbolic thinking and egocentrism, where children are still limited in their ability to perform operations mentally and consider multiple perspectives. The concrete operational stage, occurring from ages 7 to 11, marks a time when children begin to think logically about concrete events, but they still struggle with abstract concepts. The sensorimotor stage, from birth to approximately age 2, focuses on basic sensory and motor experiences and lacks the capacity for logical reasoning and planning. Therefore, the formal operational stage is identified as the period when abstract thinking and advanced cognitive processes emerge.